Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that infect bacteria. At the Child Health Research Foundation (CHRF), researchers have spent several years collecting and studying phages that infect Salmonella Typhi, the bacterium responsible for typhoid fever, through environmental surveillance across Bangladesh. 

The following publications share findings from this ongoing research and contribute to a growing understanding of phages and their interactions with bacteria. 

1. Old tools, new applications: Use of environmental bacteriophages for typhoid surveillance and evaluating vaccine impact PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
   
   
2. Detection of Salmonella Typhi bacteriophages in surface waters as a scalable approach to environmental surveillance PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
   
   
3. Reuse, Repurpose, and Recycle: Bacteriophages and Microbial Surveillance (1921–2023) Mary Ann Liebert  
   
   
4. Genome sequences of bacteriophages that infect Salmonella Typhi from Bangladesh Microbiology Resource Announcement
   
   
5. Native pathogen-phage networks reveal multilayered defense and gut-active anti-phage immunity Cell Host & Microbe 
   
   
6. Capsule-independent bacteriophages reveal unexpected diversity of Salmonella Typhi phage ecology medRxiv